Extremely high-risk recurrent gestational trophoblastic tumor after an interval of 7 years: case report and literature review

Abstract

Gestational trophoblastic tumor is a category of malignant neoplasms or potentially malignant neoplasms arising from trophoblasts. Most patients of recurrent Gestational trophoblastic tumors recur within 1 year of completion of treatment and rarely after 5 years of follow-up. The patient with recurrent Gestational trophoblastic tumor has a poor prognosis because being difficult to treat and has high rates of recurrence. Multi‐agent combination chemotherapy such as EMACO (Etoposide, Methotrexate, Actinomycin D, Cyclophosphamide, and Vincristine) is the most important method to increase cure rates and to decrease recurrent rates of patients with recurrent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. The use of induction low-dose etoposide 100 mg/m(2) and cisplatin 20 mg/m(2) (EP; days 1 and 2 every 7 days) to reduce early death rate due to rupture of metastatic nodules before commencing EMA/CO in patients with extremely high – risk recurrent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is applied in many centers today. Here, we report a case of Recurrent choriocarcinoma after an interval of 7 years. The patient was hospitalized and tested for very high serum βhCG with large liver and lung metastatic lesions. We present a brief review of the literature.