Prenatal diagnosis of cystic hygroma in National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the ultra - sonographic and fetal karyotyping of fetuses with cystic hygroma.

Patients & methods: 106 cases of fetal cystic hygroma were described cross – sectional from August 2016 to March 2017 in Prenatal Diagnosis Central - National Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Result: Median gestational age at diagnosis was 13.3 ± 2.1 weeks (11 weeks 1 day – 22 weeks 6 days). Median of nuchal translucency was 9.1 ± 4.2 mm (3.5 – 22.6 mm). There were 21.7% cases (23/106) had a single of cystic hygroma and 78.3 % (83/106) cases had multiple characteristics of structural abnormalies. In which, hydrops were the leading major structural (88%). There were 99 cases (93.4%) of elective pregnancy termination. There were 7 cases (6.6%) who agreed amniotic fluid sampling for karyotype. Chromosomal abnormalities were present in 42.9% (3/7) with 2 cases of Turner syndrome and 1 case of Trisomy 21 syndrome.

Conclusion: 82.1% cases of cystic hygroma were diagnosised early in the first trimester. 78.3% cases had multiple characteristics of structural abnormalies with cystic hygroma (hydrops were found mostly: 88%). There were 99 cases (93.4%) of elective pregnancy termination. Chromosomal abnormalities were present in 42.9% with Turner syndrome and Down syndrome.