Gestational diabetes mellitus: associated factors and pregnancy outcomes

Abstract

Objective: Investigating for the associated factors and pregnancy outcomes to pregnant women with GDM.

Materials and methods: A cohort study in two groups of pregnant women with GDM or not who were managed and finished of pregnancy in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy from January to December 2017.

Results: GDM has been estimated 8.9% of pregnancies. The risk factors of GDM: maternal age, overweight or obesity, first-degree relative with diabetes, previous birth of infant weighing 3500 gram or more, pregnant women with GDM has high rate and has significance (p<0.05). The good management of GDM is presented by the fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, weight management achieved the targets recommended. The rate of cesarean delivery is 57.5% in pregnant women with GDM and is 32.5% in control group (p<0.05). The neonetal complications: macrosomia ≥ 3500gram, underweight newborn < 2500gram, hyperbilirubinemia, congenital abnomalies, fetal demise, there is no difference between the two groups. Neonatal hypoglycemia has high rate in GDM, 27.5%.

Conclusions: GDM should be screened generally high risk pregnancies and be managed by Obstetricians and Endocrinologists. With good management, the neonetal complications aren’t different from a control group.