Tóm tắt
Mục tiêu: Xác định giá trị của bề dày nội mạc tử cung trong tiên đoán ung thư nội mạc tử cung ở phụ nữ ra máu tử cung bất thường quanh và sau mãn kinh.
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Phụ nữ có ra máu tử cung bất thường từ 40 tuổi trở lên được siêu âm đầu dò âm đạo và có kết quả mô bệnh học để đối chiếu.
Kết quả: Bề dày nội mạc ở nhóm ác tính là 23,99 ± 10,58 mm, cao hơn có ý nghĩa thống kê so với nhóm lành tính là 12,70 ± 7,53 mm với p < 0,01. Đặc biệt, ở phụ nữ ra máu sau mãn kinh, bề dày nội mạc tử cung có giá trị tốt trong tiên đoán ung thư nội mạc tử cung với AUC: 0,89, 95% CI: 0,79 – 0,99, p < 0,01. Ở phụ nữ mãn kinh dưới 5 năm chọn ngưỡng bề dày nội mạc ≥ 15,5 mm có độ nhạy, độ đặc hiệu là 100%, 95,7%. Ở phụ nữ mãn kinh trên 5 năm chọn ngưỡng bề dày nội mạc ≥ 11,7 mm có độ nhạy, độ đặc hiệu lần lượt là 90,9%, 76,9%.
Kết luận: Bề dày nội mạc góp phần giúp phân biệt bệnh lý nội mạc tử cung lành tính và ác tính ở phụ nữ ra máu tử cung bất thường quanh và sau mãn kinh. Ở phụ nữ ra máu sau mãn kinh, bề dày nội mạc tử cung là một công cụ tốt giúp tiên đoán bệnh lý ung thư nội mạc tử cung.
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